• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The invention relates to a component (2) having a component body (14) having a toothing (4), wherein on the toothing (4) at least partially an adaptive coating (6) is applied, which has a layer thickness of at least 5 microns.
    公开号:AT510697A4
    申请号:T663/2011
    申请日:2011-05-11
    公开日:2012-06-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:High Tech Coatings Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    I ΦΦ Φ # * »» »» »» · · Φ · Φ · Φ Φ φ Φ Φ Φ Φ ΦΦΦΦ Φ Φ ···· · Φ Φ Φ * φΦΦ ΦΦ # ΦΦ ΦΦ φ φ * · ·· -1 -
    The invention relates to a component with a component body having a toothing, and an assembly comprising at least two components, each having a toothing, wherein the at least two toothings is in meshing engagement with each other.
    The quality of the toothing of gears is usually classified according to DIN 3963 in 12 quality levels, where 1 denotes the finest and 12 the coarsest gear quality. The division is made according to the manufacturing process, with honing of quality 1-6 gears, honing those of quality 2-7, scraping those of quality 5-7, those of quality 5-9, milled or rolled, those of quality 7 -12 is milled or formed, and that of quality 8-12 is stamped, pressed, sintered or sprayed, and combinations of the machining methods are also performed. In other words, a high gear quality of a gear can be achieved only by intensive processing, resulting in higher production costs.
    In the prior art coatings are already described to adjust the backlash of a meshing toothing. These are usually constructed polymer-based and are abraded after the break-in phase, since otherwise the desired backlash in the thickness of the coating - or double coating, when both intermeshing teeth are coated - is not made hergestelit. Such coatings are therefore not suitable to improve the quality of teeth.
    It is the object of the present invention to design a gear of low gear quality replaceable for higher requirements.
    This object is achieved on the one hand by the aforementioned component and on the other hand by the assembly, wherein on the toothing of the component at least partially an adaptive coating is applied, which has a layer thickness of at least 5 pm N2009 / 31900, and wherein at least one of the components of the assembly is formed according to the invention.
    The arrangement of the adaptive coating in the specified minimum layer thickness is achieved that by mainly plastic deformation of the coating of the supporting portion of the toothing, i. the proportion of the bearing surface during the meshing engagement in a toothing of another component, is increased, whereby the surface load is reduced. During the deformation of the coating, whereby material is brought into the valleys between these peaks by the roughness peaks (normally the unevenness of the substrate is reshaped during the deposition of the coating), a hardening of the coating can occur as well, which likewise increases the mechanical strength of the component. ie the toothing of the component, can be achieved. In addition, a partial leveling of the surface roughness is achieved by this deformation. Thus, it is possible with the invention that, for example, a toothing with a quality of 10 through this coating reaches a quality of 8 to 6, in particular with regard to concentricity error or the standard modulus range. In other words, therefore, the macrogeometry of the surface of the toothing is significantly improved by the arrangement of the adaptive coating in the stated minimum layer thickness. The components themselves can therefore be manufactured using a more cost-effective method, and no further expensive hard finishing operations are required by depositing the adaptive coating on the toothing in order to achieve the higher gear quality. The adaptive coating also has the advantage that it wears abrasive only on extremely stressed areas of the toothing during operation, so the "leveling effect" is maintained over a long period of operation of the component. Due to the improved quality of the toothing achieved with the adaptive coating, an improved acoustic behavior of the module having this component is also achieved. The minimum layer thickness of the adaptive coating is adapted to the respective quality for different qualities of teeth, that is to say to the surface roughnesses present in each case. After the surface roughness of the toothing is also transferred to the coating during the coating-preferably the same layer thickness is produced at least approximately at each coated point-the subsequent support layer produced by deformation of the adaptive coating should run above the highest roughness peak of the toothing. N2009 / 31900 · »*« · · · · · «« «·········· * * * * * * * • • Μ · ** -3-
    Optionally, the toothing of the component can be pre-calibrated, for example by wheat.
    The layer thickness of the adaptive coating is preferably selected from a range with a lower limit of 5 μm and an upper limit of 100 μm, in particular from a range with a lower limit of 12 μm and an upper limit of 30 μm.
    In the assembly is preferably used as a second component with a toothing, which meshes with the toothing of the component according to the invention, a component with a higher quality of the toothing, since these teeth can act as "embossing" for the adaptive coating, and thus the quality of the teeth of the assembly can be improved overall.
    According to one embodiment, it is provided that the adaptive coating has a hardness gradient with increasing hardness from an outer coating surface in the direction of the component body. It is thus achieved that the adaptive coating on the outer coating surface, which meshes with another toothing of another component in the installed state of the component, can be made relatively soft, so that the deformation, i. Flattening of the profile peaks of the roughness profile can be done quickly, and also by the greater hardness at the interface to the component body better adhesion of the coating is achieved at this. In addition, a higher strength of the coating can thus be made available in layers lying below the coating surface, so that their mechanical load capacity during operation can be improved. Due to the greater hardness at the interface to the component body a higher fatigue strength is achieved.
    In order to improve these properties, the adaptive coating on the outer coating surface preferably has a hardness which is selected from a range with a lower limit of HV 40 and an upper limit of HV 500, in particular from a range with a lower limit of HV 200 and an upper limit of HV 300, or according to a further preferred embodiment, on the second, facing the outer coating surface, in the direction of the component body facing surface has a hardness which is selected from a range with a lower limit of HV 500 and a upper limit of HV 2000, in particular from a range with a lower limit of HV 800 and an upper limit of HV 1200. (Martens hardness according to Martens, test load 10 mN, see below) N2009 / 31900 • ·· -4-
    It is possible that the adaptive coating is composed of several different partial layers. Although this is not the preferred embodiment of the invention, since there is preferably a continuous transition of the properties from the outer coating surface toward the component body, this embodiment can simplify the manufacture of the adaptive coating, as successively layers of different composition on the component body can be deposited, which can reduce the control or control effort during the coating. In the preferred embodiment, the adaptive coating is at least partially metallic. Compared to polymer layers, a longer service life of the adaptive coating is achieved. In addition, a greater variability in the coating composition can be achieved since only a few polymers are suitable for the intended use of the component. Thus, due to the at least partially metallic embodiment of the adaptive coating, it is possible to better take into account different instances of loading of the component, so that the invention can be applied in a broader field. It is also advantageous that the adaptive coating thus has a better heat conductivity, so that undesired phase changes in the coating can be better avoided, and thus the coating over a longer period at least approximately the original phase composition, so their behavior in operation over a longer period at least approximately constant.
    In the course of the present invention, it has been found that adaptive coatings are particularly suitable if they are formed by a multicomponent system, wherein at least one component is selected from a group comprising transition metals, transition metal nitrides, transition metal carbides, transition metal oxides and mixtures thereof, according to one embodiment variant a further component of the multicomponent system is selected from a group comprising or consisting of Sn, Mg, Al, In, Bi, Si, Ni, Ag, Gr and Fe. In particular, the adaptive coating contains the components Ag and Cr or CrN, wherein the content of Ag decreases from the outer coating surface toward the component body, or the components Cu, CuSn and Cr, wherein the content of CuSn from the outer coating surface in Direction on the component body decreases, or the components Ag and Ti, wherein the content of Ag decreases from the outer coating surface in the direction of the component body. Furthermore, adaptive characteristics N2009 / 31900 φφφφφφφφφφ · φφφφφφφφφφφφφφφ * φφφφΦφφφφφφφφφφφφφφφφφ5 have been found to be advantageous are formed of a copper bronze or an aluminum bronze, optionally containing at least one of chromium nitride, Fe, Cr, Ni, Ag. With regard to the nitrides, it should be mentioned that, according to one embodiment variant, these are present only in transition zones, but otherwise the coating has only metallic components. Advantageously, systems with a miscibility gap in the solid state or immiscible systems are used. In this case, it is particularly advantageous if components or metals with cubic surface-centered lattice are used, since they are particularly well suited in terms of plastic deformability.
    According to another embodiment variant of the component, it is provided that the adaptive coating is at least approximately or completely free of abrasive particles, < So of particles that would cause abrasion on the toothing of the component in meshing engagement toothing of another component of the assembly. Thus, it is thus the increase in quality mainly by Umförmarbeit on the adaptive coating itself and not achieved by targeted removal of material in the area of intermeshing teeth, so that1 further component, so for example df »above described component with the" embossing "remains at least largely undamaged , By preventing the material removal of the dirt entry is reduced in a lubrication oil provided for the lubrication of the teeth, so that it can be used longer. As a result, since the lubricating oil does not carry impurities resulting from such abrasion, the adaptive coating on the outer coating surface can be made harder, since no provision must be made for embedding these soil particles in soft matrix constituents of the coating, which in turn increases the load capacity the adaptive coating can be improved.
    In order to improve the adhesion of the adaptive coating on the component body, an adhesion-promoting layer can be arranged between the adaptive coating and the component body.
    A better oil absorption capacity of the adaptive coating, and thus a reduction of the abrasion is achieved when the adaptive coating is provided with a porosity, the porosity in particular between 0.1% and 15%, preferably between 5% and 10 %, is. The pores in the adaptive N2009 / 31900 e · · · · 44 et * • • • • • • ♦ «♦» • ♦ • • • 9 · ♦ • e · · · · · 444 · * · «* *« * «* ♦ 4 • * e 4 · · 4 · ·· 4 · · 4 44 - 6 -
    Layer preferably have a diameter of at most 3 μιη, in particular at most 0.3 μιη, on.
    It should be noted that the coating has no pores in the classical sense, but at the grain boundaries of the coating open "channels" or areas exist. It is thus also the suction of liquids, such. Lubricating oils possible.
    In one embodiment variant, the porosity decreases from the outer coating surface in the direction of the component body. In other words, a gradient of porosity is formed in the adaptive coating. Thus, on the one hand, the above-described improved oil retention capacity and, on the other hand, improved adhesion of the adaptive coating on the component body can be achieved.
    For a better understanding of the invention, this will be explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.
    Each shows in a schematically simplified representation:
    Figure 1 is an existing two gears with assembly meshing teeth in side view.
    FIG. 2 shows a detail of the »surface profile of a component provided with an adaptive coating; FIG.
    3 shows two hardness profiles of the adaptive coating;
    4 shows a variant of the assembly in side view; 4
    5 shows a comparison of the noise behavior of a coated toothing mH of an uncoated toothing;
    6 shows a section through a multilayer adaptive coating;
    7 shows a further example of a hardness profile of an adaptive coating;
    8 shows another example of a hardness curve of an adaptive coating.
    By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the variously described embodiments, like parts are given the same reference numerals and the same parts designations, with the disclosures contained throughout the specification, in which: N 2009/31900 * * «* · * *« · -7- »· · · ** ··· ························································································································································ Also, the location information chosen in the description, such as top, bottom, side, etc. related to the immediately described and illustrated figure and are to be transferred to the new situation mutatis mutandis when a change in position. All statements on ranges of values in the description of the present invention should be understood to include any and all sub-ranges thereof, e.g. is the statement 1 to 10 to be understood that all sub-areas, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10 are included, ie. all subregions having a lower limit of 1 or greater terminate at an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1 or 5.5 to 10,
    1 shows an assembly 1 which comprises a component 2 and a further component 3. Oer component 2 has a toothing 4 in the form of an end toothing. Likewise, the component 3 has a toothing 5 in the form of an end toothing. The two gears 4, 5 are in the operation of the components 2, 3 in meshing engagement with each other, so-so that, for example, the component 2 is driven by the component 3, when the component 3 is connected to a drive device, not shown. The toothing 4 of the component 2 is frontally provided with an adaptive coating 6.
    The two components 2, 3 are designed as straight-toothed spur gears. However, the invention is not limited to front teeth. In general, the adaptive coating 6 can be applied to all known types of toothings, optionally provided with height and / or width crowning, that is, for example, also to helical gears, etc. Furthermore, the adaptive coating 6 can be applied both to external toothing and to internal toothing be applied.
    Although the embodiment of the component 2 as a gear is the preferred embodiment of the invention, in general, other, having a toothed components can be provided with the adaptive coating 6, such as racks.
    The toothing 4 end face is preferably provided over the entire circumference with the adaptive coating 6. It is within the scope of the invention but also the possibility that only parts of the frontal surface of the teeth 4 are coated, so for example only the tooth flanks or only one of the tooth flanks, for example, if operation of the gear in both directions is not provided, or only N2009 / 31900 ··· * t »· ♦ · • #» · »· · ·» · · · · · · ♦ ♦ φ · · · · ·
    The tooth heads or only the tooth roots, whereby mixed variants thereof, are also used. So for example, a coating of the tooth flanks and the tooth heads are possible.
    The toothing 5 of the further component 3, in the illustrated embodiment of the invention, has no adaptive coating 6, in particular if this component 3 is the driven component 3 and the component 2 is the component 2 driven by the component 3, as described above. In this case, the toothing 5 of the further component 3 has a higher tooth quality than the toothing 4 of the component 2, so that the wing part 3 acts as a "carrier wheel" for the toothing 4 of the component 2 during operation of the assembly 1.
    However, it is also possible to provide its toothing 5 at least partially with the adaptive coating 6, it being possible for the composition or the property profile of this coating 6 to differ from that of the toothing 4 of the component 3, although both toothings 4, 5 are also the same can show adaptive coating 6 with the same property profile. Also in this embodiment, it is advantageous if ggs further component 3 acts as .Prägerad ", which in turn whose teeth 5, the higher gear quality of the two gears 4, 5 and / or the adaptive coating 6 of the toothing 5 of the other component 3 at least in Outside area, that is to say that area which comes into abutment with the toothing 4 of the component 2, may have a higher hardness than the adaptive coating of the toothing of the component 2.
    As already stated above, it is possible with the adaptive coating 6 to improve the toothing quality of the toothing 4 of the component 2 by at least partially reshaping this adaptive coating during the running-in phase of the meshing toothings 4, 5. In the process, surface irregularities of the toothing 4 of the component 2 are at least partially compensated, ie leveled, by the contact pressure of the toothing 5 of the further component 3. It should be mentioned at this point that the two components 2, 3, ie the two gears, have a fixed center distance, so that therefore neither of the two components 2, 3 moves toward the respective other component 2, 3
    To clarify this effect, FIG. 2 shows a schematic detail of the surface geometry of the toothing 4 with an adaptive coating 6 applied thereto. As can be clearly seen, the macrogeometry of the toothing 4 has a roughness profile with elevations 7 and depressions 8. Due to the production, the N2009 / 31900 ··················································································································· The entire surface of the toothing 4 is coated at least approximately with the same layer thickness 9, this contour of the macrogeometry is at least approximately transferred to an outer coating surface 10 of the adaptive coating 6, which comes in operation with the surface of the toothing 5 of the further component 3, so the counter gear. In operation, ie with the teeth 4 meshing toothing 5 of the other component, the material of profile peaks 11 of the adaptive coating 6 is spent by the forces transmitted in, in particular adjacent, profile valleys 12, so that the contour of the outer coating surface 10 of the adaptive Coating 6 at least approximately ebenbnet and thus creates an at least approximately flat outer support layer 13, as shown in Fig. 2 by dashed lines. For this reason, it is also advantageous if the toothing 5 of the further component 3, that is, the particular driven counter-wheel, has a higher gear quality than the toothing 4, since diaiaf further component 3 acts as a "stamping wheel". It should be noted, however, that the flatness of the outer support layer 13 of the toothing quality of the teeth 4 is dependent, so it is quite possible that this support layer 13 still has a profiling, which, however, is less than the original profiling, but In any case, an improvement of the gear quality is achieved. For example, from a quality 10 toothing 2 with the aid of the adaptive coating 6 in the inlet a quality 6 toothing 2 can be achieved with significantly lower production costs. After the deformation of the adaptive coating 6 has taken place, the hard substrate acts on the component 2, or the harder layers of the adaptive coating 6 lying in this region, as well as the optionally solidified coating by the plastic deformation, as will be explained in more detail below contrary to further deformation.
    In addition to the transfer of material from the profile tips 11 in the profile valleys 12, there is also the possibility that the profile tips 11 are at least partially compressed when the adaptive coating 6 is made with a porosity, which porosity at the same time a better Ölhaltevemnögen the adaptive coating is reached. In this case, the porosity is preferably between 0.1% and 25%, in particular between 5% and 15%, which means that between 0.1% and 25%, in particular between 5% and 15%, free pore volume in the adaptive coating 6 is present, in particular at least largely, ie up to a proportion of at least 20% open pores, based on the total pore volume of the adaptive coating 6. It is also advantageous if the pores in the adaptive N2009 / 31900 · «Μ I ·· * ·· • »* *« · Ι »ι« • β · · «· · * · * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 6 have a diameter of at most 1 μm, in particular not more than 0.3 μm 1. In order to improve the adhesion of the adaptive coating 6 or the strength of the adaptive coating 6 overall despite porosity, it is advantageous if the porosity decreases from the outer coating surface 10 in the direction of a component body 14 of the component 2. For example, the porosity may also be continuous, from a value of 30% on the outer coating surface 10 to a value of 0% at the interface with the underlying component body 14 or an intermediate layer between the adaptive coating 6 and the component body 14. For example, linear or exponential, or stepwise, for example in steps of 20%, ie 20% of e.g. 30% porosity, decrease. The porosity in the adaptive coating 6 can be made by depositing the coating 6 at low temperatures, for example a temperature between 40 ° C and 200 ° C, and / or a high pressure, for example a pressure selected from a range with a lower limit of 0.001 mbar and an upper limit of 0.1 mbar, wherein also temperature gradients and / or pressure gradients can be used. For example, a porosity gradient is obtained when the temperature during deposition decreases and / or the pressure increases or when the bias voltage is increased during deposition. In addition, it is advantageous if a small ratio between deposition temperature T and melting temperature TS is set in the layer production, in particular in the range of 0.03 to 0.3 (temperatures in K) to specifically the mobility of the particles on the surface {surface diffusion) and also to reduce the volume diffusion ability of the particles. For the formation of the described supporting layer 13, the adaptive coating 6 is deposited in a layer thickness 9 of at least 5 μm. However, the layer thickness 9 ultimately depends on the toothing quality of the toothing 4 to be coated. For example, with a quality 7 toothing 2 having a concentricity error between 20 μm and 25 μm with a diameter of 70 mm, a layer thickness 9 of at least 7 μm, in particular a layer thickness 9 selected from a range between 7 pm and 15 pm used. However, the support layer 13 preferably forms by at least 0.5 pm, in particular at least 2 pm, above the highest point 7 of the surface profile of the toothing 4. For this reason, layer thicknesses 9 selected from a range with a lower limit of 12 μm and an upper limit of 20 μm, in particular a range with a lower limit of 15 μm and an upper limit of 50 μm, are preferred. N2009 / 31900
    Preferably, the adaptive coating 6 is at least partially metallic, i. since at least individual components of the preferably used multicomponent system are formed by metals or metal alloys. In principle, however, polymeric materials can also be used as adaptive coating 6, such as e.g. PA) or PEEK.
    At least one component of the multicomponent system is selected from a group comprising transition metals, transition metal nitrides, transition metal carbides, transition metal oxides and mixtures thereof. The proportion of this component in the adaptive coating 6 is between 5 wt .-% and 60 wt .-%, in particular between 10 wt .-% and 40 wt .-%. This component is preferably particulate with a particle size of not more than 3 μm, in particular with a particle size of between 0.5 μm and 1.5 μm. It is advantageous if the nitrides, carbides or oxides only or mainly, i. in the amount of at least 95%, based on the total amount of these components, in the transition region between the coating 6 on the gear or the component 2 are arranged.
    A further component of the multicomponent system is preferably selected from a group comprising Sn, Mg, Al, In, Bi, Si, Ni, Ag, Cr and Fe, the proportion of which in the adaptive coating 6 being between 20% by weight and 80% by weight. -%, in particular between 35 wt .-% and 55 wt .-%, is. The particle size of this further component is at most 4 pm, in particular, this component has a particle size between 1 pm and 2 pm.
    According to a first preferred embodiment, the adaptive coating 6 contains the components Ag and Cr or CrN, the content of Ag decreasing from the outer coating surface in the direction of the component body. In this case, the proportion of Ag between 100 wt .-% and 0 wt .-% amount. The remainder is Cr or CrN.
    According to a further preferred embodiment variant, the adaptive coating 6 has the components Sn and Cr, the content of Sn decreasing from the outer coating surface in the direction of the component body. In this case, the proportion of Sn between 100 wt .-% and 0 wt .-% amount. The rest is Cr.
    An adaptive coating 6 has also proven to be advantageous which contains the components Ag, Sn and Ti, the content of Ag decreasing from the outer coating surface in the direction of the component body. In this case, the proportion of Ag between 100 wt .-% and 0 wt .-% amount. The rest is Ti and Al. N2009 / 31900 - 12-
    Also preferred are adaptive coatings 6, which are formed from a copper bronze or an aluminum bronze, optionally with a proportion of Cr. The proportion of Cu in the copper bronze may be between 98 wt .-% and 60 wt .-%, that of Sn between 0 wt .-% and 12 wt .-% amount, or the proportion of Al on the aluminum bronze between 0.01 wt .-% and 20 wt .-%, those of Sn between 0 wt .-% and 12 wt .-% amount. If Cr is contained, its proportion is between 0.1 wt .-% and 80 wt .-%.
    Preferred compositions of the adaptive coating 6 are shown in Table 1 below. All information on the composition is to be understood in% by weight. The values are to be understood as average values over the entire layer thickness if 6 concentration gradients of individual constituents are formed in the coating. The numbers 6 and 7 give each an example again with such concentration gradients, in the last column of Table 1 to the respective layer depth, based on the total layer thickness in which the respective concentrations were measured, is given.
    Table 1: Composition of the adaptive coating 6
    Ex. No. Ag Cr CrN Sn Ti Al Cu Layer depth [% 1 1 58 40 2 2 62 30 2 6 3 40 2 58 4 20 2 78 5 10 2 4 8 76 6 100 5 6 47.5 50 2.5 20 6 85,5 10 4,5 30 N2009 / 31900 -13- ·· ♦ • ···· φ 7 10 80 9,5 1 0,5 5 7 66,5 30 3,5 20 7 90 5 5 30
    In the preferred embodiment of the adaptive coating 6, it has a hardness gradient with increasing hardness from the outer coating surface 10 in the direction of the component body 14. In this case, the adaptive coating 6 on the outer coating surface 10 may have a hardness which is selected from a range with a lower limit of HV 40 and an upper limit of HV 500, in particular a range with a lower limit of HV 200 and an upper Limit of HV 300. At the second surface facing the outer coating surface 10, facing the component body 14, the adaptive coating preferably has a hardness selected from a range having a lower limit of HV 500 and an upper limit of HV 2000, in particular from a range with a lower limit of HV 800 and an upper limit of HV 1200.
    In Fig. 3, two gradients 15, 16 are shown schematically. Plotted on the abscissa is the layer thickness 9, starting from the surface of the toothing 2 in the direction of the outer coating surface, and the ordinate Martens hardness converted into HV, measured with a Fischerscope * H100 (hardness measurement according to DIN EN ISO 14577, Vickers diamond pyramidal , Test load 10 mN, six individual measurements per hardness value). A horizontal line 16 indicates the hardness of steel.
    The plastic hardness is the universal hardness without consideration of the elastic Verfomnungsanteils.
    The course 15 shows the preferred variant of the invention. The hardness does not decrease in stages, as in the course 16, but steadily, the course 15 follows linear or preferably an exponential function.
    Examples of hardness profiles, measured at different layer depths of the adaptive coating 6, starting from the surface of the toothing 4, or optionally an intermediate layer between this surface and the adaptive coating 6, N20O9 / 31900
    • • ♦ • ♦ I -14- are given in Table 2, with the example numbers referring to Table 1. The first value per cell relates to the hardness according to HV as described above, the second value after the slash represents in each case the layer thickness of the single layer in which was measured. The total layer thickness of the adaptive coating 6 results in each case from the sum of the values after the slash within a row. For example, the coating 6 according to Example 1 has a total layer thickness of 20 μm. For reasons of clarity, the hardness values were rounded up or down to whole 50th values.
    Table 2: Hardness curves
    Example No. Layer thickness in pm S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 1 1200/1 800/8 550/5 400/3 300/3 2 1500/2 800/7 300/7 3 2000/1 1000/2 700/8 400 / 4 200/3 4 1500/1 600/10 300/4 5 1500/2 800/4 500/4 200/2 100/2 6 1000/3 600/4 300/3 100/2 60/2
    In the preferred embodiment, the outer coating surface 10 consists exclusively of the respective softer component of the multicomponent system, ie, for example, of Ag or Sn. Optionally, however, a proportion of not more than 30% by weight of the respective harder component, ie, for example, of Cr, CrN, or Ti, may be present in order to achieve a hardness adaptation.
    The deposition of the adaptive coating 6 on the toothing 4 of the component 2 can be carried out by a variety of methods, for example galvanically by different baths with different materials such as Ni and Sn, Cu or Ag and Sn, Ag and N2009 / 31900 -15 ··· · · * * · »» • · · * * · · < · «♦ * · · ·« t · t * # · · · · ······ * · «*» # ·
    Cu, etc., NiP layers with different phosphorus contents or and dispersion inclusions (Teflon, hexagonal boron nitride, silicon carbide, etc), by PVD methods such as sputtering, spraying, etc. with different targets in a circular arrangement of two, four, six, eight , ten, etc. Targets with the desired materials, for example Target 1 Cr, Target 2 Ag, Target 3 Cr, Target 4 Sn, sputtering in inline systems as a continuous flow system with precisely matched targets in the individual stations. Likewise, combinations of different PVD methods, such as electron beam evaporation from different sources such as chromium and silver are possible. Also in the spraying process different materials can be deposited simultaneously or sequentially.
    A hardness gradient can be formed, for example, by varying the composition, the structure, the grain size and / or porosity, or by adding nitrides.
    In a simple embodiment, the hardness gradient can be generated by a multi-layered design of the adaptive coating 6 with a plurality of different partial layers, wherein the partial layers differ with respect to their composition.
    In order to achieve the hardness gradient, the composition of the adaptive coating 6 over the layer thickness 9 may also vary such that a minority component on the outer coating surface 10 becomes the majority component on the other surface facing the component body 14, and that another component of the multicomponent system exactly reverse course, that is, from the majority component to the minority component. In other words, there is the possibility that the component forming the matrix at one surface is replaced by the further component at the other surface of the adaptive coating 6, so that the matrix changes over the thickness 9 to another matrix, for example from CrAg30 AgCr20. Due to the rotational speed and / or the temperature at the substrate, a continuous Muitiiayerstruktur can be largely avoided.
    Preferably, the adaptive coating 6 is free of abrasive particles for reasons mentioned above. Ν2009Ώ1900 -16- • * -16- • * • * * * »* * ·····» • • * * ··· * · · ·· ** φ f • · «I * ·«) t · · · · · · ·····
    To increase the adhesive strength of the adaptive coating 6 on the toothing 4 of the component 2, between it and the adaptive coating 6, a bonding agent layer can be arranged, for example made of Cr, Ti, CrN, TiN,. An improvement in the adhesive strength can also be achieved by the formation of diffusion bonding at the interface between the component body 14 and the adaptive coating, for example by subjecting the component to a heat treatment after coating, for example at 200 ° C. for 24 hours. For this purpose, the component 2 and / or the adaptive coating preferably contain chromium and / or titanium.
    For the sake of volatility, an embodiment variant of the assembly 1 is shown in FIG. 4. This has, in addition to the component 2 and the further component 3, a third component 18, wherein the further component 3 in turn has the highest gear quality of the three components 2, 3,18. For example, the invention may be applied in the field of camshaft gears or balance shaft gears.
    FIG. 5 shows the noise behavior as a course of the sum level (abscissa, in db) of a gear with a coated toothing (course 19) compared to an uncoated toothed wheel (course 20) in the speed range between 0 and 3000 revolutions per minute (abscissa) , FIGS. 6 and 7 (layer thickness in pm) show a micrograph of the adaptive coating 6 and the hardness curve corresponding thereto. The hardness values are summarized in Table 3 below.
    As a counter-wheel, a gear made of steel was used to measure the noise behavior yurrie. It can be seen clearly from FIG. 5 that the toothed wheel provided with the coating 6 according to the invention has a lower noise level than the uncoated toothed wheel, in particular in the lower speed range.
    Table 3: Exemplary classification system
    Layer Reference Thickness Material Material (wt%) in Fig. 6 N2009 / 31900 -17- »· · · · · ·« «« «« ♦ · ♦ · · Φ 9 · # · 9 9 9 9 9 « «· 9» 9 9 «pm HV 1 2 1 2 1 21 0.5 700 Cr 100 2 22 3 1700 CrN 100 3 23 7 620 Cr Ag 60 40 4 24 12 370 Cr Ag 30 70 5 25 16 140 Cr Ag 5 95
    The adaptive coating 6 was applied to a steel gear as a carrier. From Fig. Die the one-layer layers are clearly visible. This coating was prepared using the following process parameters (four targets each offset by 90 °, target 1 Cr, target 2 Ag, target 3 Cr, target 4 Ag):
    Layer Pressure Chrome Power Silver Power Gas inlet Ar N2 Rotation speed SH Parts mbar KW KW sccm sccm rpm rpm 1 0.001 5 0 70 0 3 0.5 2 0.001 5 0 70 20 3 0.5 3 0.001 5 2 70 0 3 0.5 4 0.001 5 8 70 0 3 0.5 5 0.001 3 10 70 0 3 0.5
    Substrate holder with double or triple rotation depending on the size of the parts, rotation from 3 rpm to 20 rpm. Arrangement of Targets in Unbaianced Mode.
    Coating sequence: N2009 / 31900 -18- ψψ ··· + φ φ »* • ·» «# · · ♦ φ · ·» · * · · »t φ φ φ · φ φ · φφφφ f φ ···· φ φ - Coating of both chromium targets to produce a Cr bond layer of 0.5pm - Continuous transition to CrN within 50 nm through nitrogen inlet with OEM control then constant deposition 2.5 μπι CrN. Continuous reduction of nitrogen to 0 sccm and initiation of deposition on the silver targets, 100 nm. Deposition of a CrAg40 layer of ca. 4 μm by continuous constant deposition on all 4 targets (2 chromium, 2 silver) with simultaneous rotation of the substrate holder. - deposition of an AgCr30 layer of about 5 μm by continuous constant deposition on all 4 targets with increased Ag deposition rate due to greater power density with simultaneous rotation of the substrate holder. Deposition of an AgCr5 layer of 4 μm by continuous constant deposition on all 4 targets with increased Ag deposition rate and reduced power density at the chromium targets with simultaneous rotation of the substrate holder.
    If appropriate, an AgCrl layer of 2 to 5 μm can then be deposited by continuous, constant deposition on all 4 targets with an increased Ag deposition rate and reduced power density on the chromium targets with simultaneous rotation of the substrate holder.
    FIG. 8 shows another exemplary embodiment of a hardness profile within the layer system of the adaptive coating 6 (layer thickness in pm). The hardness values are summarized in Table 4. This coating was manufactured with the following process parameters:
    Layer Pressure 1.4301 Power Silver Power Gas inlet Ar N2 Rotation speed SH Parts mbar KW KW sccm sccm rpm rpm 0.001 10 0 70 0 3 0.5 N2008 / 31900 -19- • · · ···· «* # · ···················································································································································································································· 70 0 3 0,5 5 0,008 3 12 70 0 3 0,5
    Table 4: Exemplary layer system
    Layer Thickness Material Material (wt .-%) μητι HV 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 0,5 550 Fe Cr Ni Ag 74 18 9 2 3 900 Fe CrN Ni Ag 67 18 8 7 3 9 400 Fe CrN Ni Ag 37 12 4 47 4 12 300 Fe Cr Ni Ag 25 6 3 66 5 16 200 Fe Cr Ni Ag 7 2 1 90
    As already mentioned, both toothings 4, 5 of the components 2, 3 or all components 2, 3, 18 of an assembly 1 can be coated, it also being possible to use different coating compositions of the adaptive coating 6 for the components 2, 3, 18. For example, the toothing 4 of the component 2 may be coated with Cr / Ag and the toothing 5 of the component 3 may be coated with Cr / Cu. In general, a hard coating 6 of the component 2 and a comparatively softer coating 6 of the component 3 are combined, wherein at least the two outer layers, which are in contact with one another, raise this relative hardness, provided the underlying layer structure the adaptive coating 6 is multi-layered, but may at least be similar. N2009 / 31900 -20- ································································································· ··· ♦ • · · · * «Φ« «# ·· · * t ·« · ti
    The embodiments show possible embodiments of the component 2 and the assembly 1, wherein it should be noted that the invention is not limited to the specifically illustrated embodiments thereof, but also various combinations of the individual embodiments are possible with each other and this variation possibility due to the teaching to technical action by objective invention in the skill of those working in this technical field expert.
    Above all, the individual embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 8 can form the subject of independent solutions according to the invention.
    For the sake of order, it should finally be pointed out that for a better understanding of the construction of the component 2 and the assembly 1, these or their components have been shown partially unevenly and / or enlarged and / or reduced in size. N2009 / 31900 * i $ -u- «· II« * »I« «• II * · I» * · · «- • · it * · * * · · * * * · *» · «·· # · «* ··» * »·« · II »I · · · · · I · * *« *
    Reference Designation 1 Assembly 2 Component 3 Component 4 Gearing 5 Gearing 6 Coating 7 Elevation 8 Recess 9 Layer thickness 10 Coating surface 11 Profile tip 12 Profile valley 13 Support layer 14 Component body 15 Course 16 Course 17 Line 18 Component 19 Course 20 Course 21 Layer 22 Layer 23 Layer 24 Layer 25 Layer N2009 / 31900
    权利要求:
    Claims (18)
    [1]
    -1 - ·· Μ «ff ··· f ff ff * · · · f • tt fff ················································································································ 1. component (2) having a component body (14) of a toothing (4), characterized in that on the toothing (4) at least partially an adaptive coating (6) is applied, which has a layer thickness of at least 5 pm.
    [2]
    2. Component (2) according to claim 1, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) has a hardness gradient with increasing hardness of an outer Be * layering surface (10) in the direction of the component body (14).
    [3]
    A component (2) according to claim 2, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) on the outer coating surface (10) has a hardness selected from a range having a lower limit of HV 40 and an upper limit of HV 500th
    [4]
    4. component (2) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) on a second, the outer coating surface (10) opposite, in the direction of the component body (14) facing surface has a hardness selected is from a range with a lower limit of HV 500 and an upper limit of HV 2000.
    [5]
    5. component (2) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) is composed of several different sub-layers.
    [6]
    6. component (2) according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) is at least partially metallic.
    [7]
    7. component (2) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) is formed by a multi-component system, wherein at least one component is selected from a group comprising transition metals, transition metal nitrides, transition metal carbides, transition metal oxides and mixtures thereof.
    [8]
    8. Component (2) according to claim 7, characterized in that a further component of the multicomponent system is selected from a group comprising Sn, Mg, Al, Bi, In, Si, Ni, Ag, Cr, Fe. Θ. Component (2) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) contains the main components Ag and Cr or CrN, the content of Ag from the outer coating surface (10) being directed towards the component body (14 ) decreases.
    [9]
    10. component (2) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) contains the components Sn and Cr, wherein the content of Sn from the outer coating surface (10) in the direction of the component body (14 ) decreases.
    [10]
    11. Component (2) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) contains the components Ag and Ti, wherein the content of Ag from the outer coating surface (10) in the direction of the component body (14 ) decreases.
    [11]
    12. component (2) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) is formed of a copper bronze or an aluminum bronze.
    [12]
    13. The component (2) according to claim 6, characterized in that the copper bronze or the aluminum bronze contains at least one of the components chromium nitride, Fe, Cr, Ni, Ag. N2009 / 31900 * a ·· * ·························································································· »Ft · ft · * · ft · ft · ft · · ft -3-
    [13]
    14. Component (2) according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) is at least approximately or completely free of abrasive particles.
    [14]
    15. Component (2) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that between the adaptive coating (6) and the component body (14) an adhesive layer is arranged.
    [15]
    16. Component (2) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the adaptive coating (6) has a porosity between 01% and 15%.
    [16]
    17. Component (2) according to claim 16, characterized in that the pores in the adaptive layer have a maximum diameter of 3 pm.
    [17]
    18. Component (2) according to claim 16 or 17, characterized in that the porosity decreases from the outer coating surface (10) in the direction of the component body (14).
    [18]
    19. assembly (1) comprising at least two components (2, 3), each having a toothing (4, 5), wherein the at least two toothings (4, 5) are in meshing engagement with each other, characterized in that at least one of Components (2, 3) according to one of claims 1 to 18 is formed. High Tech Coatings GmbH by lawyers Bãraer & Partner Attorney at Law N2009 / 31900
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    AT510697B1|2012-06-15|COMPONENT WITH AN ADAPTIVE COATING
    DE10017459C2|2002-03-28|Sliding element and method for producing the same
    DE112004001910B4|2011-07-21|Overlay
    DE602005003762T2|2008-12-04|Sliding element with excellent abrasion resistance in a water-based environment
    AT510282B1|2012-03-15|COMPONENT WITH AN ADAPTIVE COATING
    EP2574685B1|2020-07-08|Sliding element with DLC coating
    DE3509572C1|1986-07-10|Sliding element coated with ceramic material components and its use
    EP2163661B1|2012-08-01|Hob tool with a coating and method for recoating a hob tool
    EP2080936A2|2009-07-22|Sintered gear
    DE102006024433B4|2021-09-09|Wear-resistant chain with wear protection coating in a nanocrystalline structure
    DE2926708C2|1984-02-16|Sliding element that can be subjected to extremely high surface pressure and / or friction or wear and / or high temperature, and method for its production
    EP0962674B1|2004-08-04|Sliding bearing shell and method of making the same
    EP1504200B1|2007-10-10|Method for production of a slide element
    EP2414694B1|2013-05-29|Slide bearing composite material
    EP3259484B1|2018-12-05|Sliding bearing element
    DE10249330A1|2003-05-15|Wear-resistant coating and a tooth chain
    WO2012084437A2|2012-06-28|Axial disc and gear pump with axial disc
    DE102012207813A1|2013-11-14|Sliding body with coating
    DE102020210952B3|2021-10-21|Process for producing a toothing on rotationally symmetrical surfaces of metallic drive elements
    EP2813720B1|2017-04-19|bearing system
    DE102019119697A1|2021-01-28|Shift lever and method for machining a surface of a lever element of a shift lever
    WO2015155275A1|2015-10-15|Tribological system with reduced counter body wear
    DE4232430A1|1994-04-07|Tool for the treatment of component surfaces
    EP0662161B1|1997-02-26|Tool for working the surfaces of components, and a substrate material for such a tool
    DE102013004151B4|2015-11-26|storage system
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20140109709A1|2014-04-24|
    CN103748384A|2014-04-23|
    DE112012002019A5|2014-02-13|
    AT510697B1|2012-06-15|
    CN103748384B|2016-10-19|
    WO2012151603A1|2012-11-15|
    US9447861B2|2016-09-20|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    GB1139522A|1966-01-19|1969-01-08|Dexco Corp|Improvements in and relating to abrading tool structures|
    US2075995A|1935-05-29|1937-04-06|Timken Axle Co Detroit|Gearing and method of conditioning the same|
    US3636792A|1969-09-05|1972-01-25|Zoltan Vigh|Hertzian stress-reducing means for gears|
    US4184380A|1978-03-10|1980-01-22|Rivin Evgeny I|Gears having resilient coatings|
    DE3315556C1|1983-04-29|1984-11-29|Goetze Ag, 5093 Burscheid|Wear-resistant coating|
    US4594294A|1983-09-23|1986-06-10|Energy Conversion Devices, Inc.|Multilayer coating including disordered, wear resistant boron carbon external coating|
    DE3509039A1|1985-03-14|1986-09-18|W.C. Heraeus Gmbh, 6450 Hanau|COMPOSITE FOR ELECTRICAL CONTACTS AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF|
    EP0288677B1|1987-04-30|1992-08-19|Balzers Aktiengesellschaft|Structural unit, in particular machine element|
    JP3348388B2|1994-02-03|2002-11-20|株式会社神崎高級工機製作所|Processing method of high reduction ratio reduction gear|
    US6379754B1|1997-07-28|2002-04-30|Volkswagen Ag|Method for thermal coating of bearing layers|
    JPH11210866A|1998-01-23|1999-08-03|Denso Corp|Wear-resisting gear|
    US5955145A|1998-05-14|1999-09-21|Analytical Services & Materials, Inc.|Process for forming a wear-resistant coating that minimizes debris|
    DE19852481C2|1998-11-13|2002-09-12|Federal Mogul Wiesbaden Gmbh|Layered composite material for sliding elements and process for its manufacture|
    US6846261B2|2002-09-06|2005-01-25|General Motors Corporation|Planetary gearset with multi-layer coated sun gear|
    JP2005344126A|2002-10-04|2005-12-15|Hitachi Powdered Metals Co Ltd|Sintered gear|
    US7211338B2|2003-12-19|2007-05-01|Honeywell International, Inc.|Hard, ductile coating system|
    US20050274215A1|2004-06-15|2005-12-15|Geoff Bishop|Worm gear assembly having improved physical properties and method of making same|
    JP2006327516A|2005-05-30|2006-12-07|Nsk Ltd|Decelerator for electric power steering|
    DE102005027144A1|2005-06-10|2006-12-14|Gkn Sinter Metals Gmbh|Surface compaction of a toothing|
    DE102005027137A1|2005-06-10|2006-12-14|Gkn Sinter Metals Gmbh|Gearing made of sintered material|
    US8541349B2|2006-09-21|2013-09-24|Inframat Corporation|Lubricant-hard-ductile nanocomposite coatings and methods of making|
    US7910217B2|2006-11-07|2011-03-22|Ues, Inc.|Wear resistant coatings for race land regions of bearing materials|
    US7686734B2|2007-02-12|2010-03-30|Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc.|Apparatus and method of using a hardness differential and surface finish on mating hard gears|
    GB2459081A|2008-01-31|2009-10-14|Tecvac Ltd|Coated biomedical components|
    US7998572B2|2008-08-12|2011-08-16|Caterpillar Inc.|Self-lubricating coatings|
    CN101358365B|2008-08-29|2010-07-28|上海工程技术大学|Method for preparing high-temperature antifriction and wear resistant composite plating|DE102012213972A1|2012-08-07|2014-02-13|Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG|Belt drive for a motor vehicle|
    DE102016215709A1|2015-08-28|2017-03-02|Tsubakimoto Chain Co.|Chain component and chain|
    CN105508555A|2015-12-29|2016-04-20|苏州市诚品精密机械有限公司|Multifunctional detachable gear|
    US11209010B2|2017-02-13|2021-12-28|Raytheon Technologies Corporation|Multilayer abradable coating|
    AT519887B1|2017-04-20|2019-04-15|High Tech Coatings Gmbh|Method for adjusting a backlash|
    AT520308B1|2018-01-16|2019-03-15|High Tech Coatings Gmbh|gear transmission|
    法律状态:
    2012-09-15| HA| Change or addition of new inventor|Inventor name: KLAUS DIPL.ING. PREINFALK, AT Effective date: 20120716 Inventor name: KATRIN ZORN, AT Effective date: 20120716 Inventor name: THOMAS DIPL.ING. GASPERLMAIR, AT Effective date: 20120716 Inventor name: GUENTER EITZINGER, AT Effective date: 20120716 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA663/2011A|AT510697B1|2011-05-11|2011-05-11|COMPONENT WITH AN ADAPTIVE COATING|ATA663/2011A| AT510697B1|2011-05-11|2011-05-11|COMPONENT WITH AN ADAPTIVE COATING|
    CN201280029708.9A| CN103748384B|2011-05-11|2012-05-10|There is the part of adaptability coating|
    DE112012002019.7T| DE112012002019A5|2011-05-11|2012-05-10|Component with an adaptive coating|
    US14/116,410| US9447861B2|2011-05-11|2012-05-10|Component with an adaptive coating|
    PCT/AT2012/050066| WO2012151603A1|2011-05-11|2012-05-10|Component with an adaptive coating|
    [返回顶部]